AL MAQRIZI

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Al - Maqrizi is a person who loves science, since childhood he likes to travel an intellectual. He studied various disciplines such as jurisprudence, hadith, and history of the great scholars who lived in his time. Among the famous personalities who greatly affects pemikiranya was Ibn Khaldun. At the age of 22 years, Al - Maqrizi began to engage in the task of government Mamluks. In the year 788 H, Al - Maqrizi begin their work as employees at Diwan Al - willing, sort Secretary of State, then he was promoted to deputy qadi in office justices and in the year 791 H, Al - Maqrizi appointed by the Sultan Barquq Muhtasib. In the year 811 H, Al Maqrizi reappointed as executive waqf administration in Qolanisiyah while working in a hospital An - Nuri, Damascus. In the same year, he became a teacher at Madrasah Hadith Asyrafiyah and Madrasah Iqbaliyah. Then Sultan - Malik Nasir Faraj bin Barquq (1399 - 1412) offered the post of deputy Government Mamlik dynasty in Damascus. Furthermore, Al - Maqrizi an Islamic economic thinkers who made a special study of money and inflation.

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

Monetary Reform A. Al – Maqrizi

Monetary Reform yangf proposed by Al - Maqrizi discussed throughout the four books written about the history of the social, political, economic and monetary system of Egypt. He blamed and criticized the government for failing to uphold the responsibility, they tyrannize one monetary affairs and the failure to maintain the economic stability of the main described in mysticism as follows '' Ghala struck Egypt in 806 H is caused by government administrators who hoard food and and commodities debgan to sell a higher price, they raised the rent of land which causes the production costs increase dramatically. They do so by using the dinar from the west and deliberately raise the price of gold from 20 dirhams to 240 dirhams for each mithqal. System dinar and dirham then converted into money system, a system that was never used money now used as a monetary Basir, becomes a medium of exchange and measure of value.

B. Currency

'' Know may Allah guide us to the truth and inspired to follow the straight path that currency legally, logically and commonly accepted is the only currency of gold and silver and other metals suitable as currency. In this proposal proved that all payments made in trade (Al - bay) and services (wages) must be made using only gold and silver.

C. Price

'' The cost of 100 dirhams of pure silver and silver that can not be faked is 6 mithqal gold, which ditanbahkan ¼ dinar on the basis of the applicable price to be paid to pencetakanuang as a fee to cover the price of copper (used in alloys), state taxes, fees firewood , wages of workers, and the like. '' The ban also means a decrease in the money in dirhams of silver to pay the wages and the prices of goods and commodities. In this way, people's welfare will be assured.

D. Limitation of Money Circulation

'' One mithqal gold will be exchanged for 24 dirhams of silver, 24 dirhams equivalent weight of 140 dirhams copper coins (money) to be issued for the purchase of goods that are not essential and for transactions of households a day - the day, this will greatly benefit the population and causing prices to fall.

Proposed Al - Maqrizi namely:

1. Only use gold and silver as money
2. Stop the decline in money and
3. Utilization of restricted money, is expected to reduce the price level invitation following manner described in Ighatat: '' This will greatly benefit the population and cause prices to fall.

There are seven groups of people according to Al - Maqrizi most severely affected by the craze infalsi it:

1. Employers and helpers (ahlud Daulah)
2. Entrepreneurs and traders (Ahlul yasar)
3. The middle class of professionals (ashab Hirfah)
4. Farmers who lives in the countryside
5. Group fakir (jurists, students and soldiers)
6. Workers rough
7. seekers – ask

It is clear that based on the classification structure of society, it is shown that the impact of the financial crisis at the time bergabtung on the nature of income (income) and wealth (wealth) each - each faction. If their income is fixed or rising but lower than inflation then the condition is severe and vice versa. Similarly, where the wealth in the form of money, they are also disadvantaged because their purchasing power is declining disampng that they also have to increase the cost to the hargabya memenihi demands continue to increase.

E. The concept of Al - Maqrizi on Inflation

Inflation theory ala Al – Maqrizi

With the condition of the fact that the famine occurred in Egypt, Al - Maqrizi reveals that the inflation is a natural phenomenon that afflicts public life diseantaro ancient world, now to the future. Inflation occurs when prices are according to him - the general price increases and ongoing. Al - Maqrizi infalasi discuss the problems in more detail and it classifies a contributing factor to inflation based on two things:

a. Natural Infalasi

Inflation is caused by various natural factors that are difficult to avoid humans. According to Al - Maqrizi, a natural disaster occurs various foodstuffs and other agricultural products menggalami crop failures that supplies goods - goods decreased drastically and scarcity. Price - the price then soared far beyond people's purchasing power. As a result, the economic transactions deadlocked even stopped altogether which eventually led to famine, pestilence, and others - others.

b. Human Error Inflation

In addition to natural factors, Al - Maqrizi suggested that inflation may occur due to human error, he analyzed there are three main things that either alone - alone or together into the causes of inflation, namely:

1. Corruption and maladministration
2. Taxation excessive, and
3. Increased circulation of currency money.

CHAPTER III

 CLOSING

Conclusion

·         Economic Thought Al - Maqrizi on inflation is more comprehensive than the concepts offered by western economists

·         Having conducted a review and analysis simple, the authors suggest the need for further review and intense on the thinking - Maqrizi economic thought, particularly the case - matters relating to monetary issues (currency and inflation).

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